Posachedwapa, wofufuza nyimbo zofunika kwambiri, tianjin Institute of Industrial Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, apanga ukadaulo wa enzyme ya bio-nsalu, yomwe imalowa m'malo mwa koloko popangira zida zosindikizira ndi zopaka utoto, idzachepetsa kwambiri kutulutsa kwamadzi, kupulumutsa madzi ndi magetsi. , ndipo yawunikidwa ndi makampani ngati njira ina yofunika yaukadaulo pamakampani osindikizira ndi utoto ku China.
Kodi munayamba mwaganizapo za momwe T-sheti, jeans, kapena diresi lomwe mumavala amapangidwira?Kunena zoona, zovala zamitundumitundu zimawononga kwambiri chilengedwe.Makampani osindikizira ndi opaka utoto nthawi zonse akhala akuyimira mphamvu yobwerera m'mbuyo yokhala ndi kuipitsidwa kwakukulu komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri.M’zaka zaposachedwapa, mafakitale ambiri osindikizira ndi opaka utoto m’derali, makamaka amene ali m’mizinda yoyambirira, achotsedwa kapena kutsekedwa pang’onopang’ono.
Nthawi yomweyo, kusindikiza ndi kudaya ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pamakampani opanga nsalu.Pokakamizidwa ndi ndondomeko, makampani osindikizira ndi opaka utoto nthawi zonse amafunafuna luso lamakono ndikupita kumalo osindikizira obiriwira ndi utoto.
Biotechnology, yopangidwa ndi nyimbo yofunikira, wofufuza wochokera ku tianjin Institute of Industrial Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, yomwe imalowa m'malo mwa soda popangira zinthu zosindikizira ndi zopaka utoto, imatha kuchepetsa kwambiri kutulutsa madzi oyipa, kupulumutsa madzi ndi magetsi. adawunikidwa ndi makampani ngati njira ina yofunikira yaukadaulo pantchito yosindikiza ndi utoto yaku China.
Makampani osindikizira ndi opaka utoto akuyenera kulimbana ndi kuwononga chilengedwe”Vuto lomwe lilipo pano pamakampani opanga nsalu ku China lafika pomwe likufunika kuthetsa vutolo mwachangu.Kupanga nsalu zachikhalidwe sikungobweretsa kuipitsa chilengedwe, komanso kumatulutsa mitundu yonse ya mankhwala owopsa, kuwononga thanzi lathu.Anthu onse akuyenera kukaniza kuwononga komanso kupanga zinthu zowononga ""Pali mankhwala osachepera 8,000 padziko lonse lapansi omwe amagwiritsa ntchito 25 peresenti ya mankhwala ophera tizilombo kulima thonje losakhala lachilengedwe posintha zinthu kukhala nsalu," malinga ndi kafukufuku. yotulutsidwa ndi Earth Pledge.Izi zidzabweretsa kuwonongeka kosasinthika kwa anthu ndi chilengedwe, ndipo magawo awiri mwa atatu a mpweya wa carbon adzapitirira pambuyo pogula zovala.Pamafunika magaloni ambiri amadzi kukonza nsalu, makamaka utoto wa nsalu, womwe umafunika malita 2.4 thililiyoni amadzi.
Ziwerengero za chilengedwe ku China zikuwonetsa kuti mafakitale a nsalu ndi omwe amawononga kwambiri mafakitale akuluakulu.Kutayidwa kwa madzi otayira m'mafakitale opangira nsalu kuli pakati pa mafakitale 41 ku China, ndipo kutulutsidwa kwa njira zosindikizira ndi zopaka utoto kumapangitsa kuti 70% yamadzi otayira a nsalu atayike.
Kuonjezera apo, monga gwero lofunika kwambiri la kuipitsidwa kwa madzi, mafakitale a nsalu ku China amawononganso madzi ambiri, kumbuyo kwa dziko lonse lapansi ponena za kugwiritsa ntchito madzi bwino.Malinga ndi lipoti la kupewa ndi kuwongolera kuipitsidwa kwa mafakitale m'mafakitale ofunika kwambiri ofalitsidwa ndi atolankhani a sayansi ya zachilengedwe ku China, kuchuluka kwa zoipitsa m'madzi aku China osindikizira ndi kudaya madzi akuwonongeka ndi nthawi 2-3 kuposa mayiko akunja, komanso kumwa madzi ndikokwera kwambiri. monga 3-4 nthawi.Panthawi imodzimodziyo, kusindikiza ndi kudaya madzi otayira sikungowonongeka kwakukulu m'makampani, komanso matope opangidwa ndi kusindikiza ndi kuyika madzi onyansa ali ndi mavuto ena pa chithandizo.
Pakati pawo, kuipitsidwa komwe kumachitika chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito koloko yochuluka ya caustic mu pretreatment ya zipangizo zosindikizira ndi zopaka utoto ndizoopsa kwambiri."Uyenera kuwiritsa ndi caustic soda, nthunzi yolimba, kenako ndikuyichotsa ndi hydrochloric acid, yomwe ndi madzi otayira ambiri."Anatero manejala amene anagwira ntchito yosindikiza ndi kuchapa utoto kwa zaka zambiri.
Pofuna kuthana ndi vutoli, gulu lotsogozedwa ndi song Vital, wofufuza pa tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology pansi pa Chinese Academy of Sciences, poyamba lidayang'ana pakupanga ma enzyme atsopano omwe angalowe m'malo mwa caustic soda.
Kukonzekera kwa ma enzymes achilengedwe kumathetsa vuto la kusindikiza ndi utoto Njira yachikhalidwe yosindikizira ndi kudaya ili ndi masitepe asanu: kuyatsa, kukongoletsa, kuyenga, kuyeretsa ndi silika.Ngakhale makampani ena akunja ntchito kupanga enzyme kukonzekera pamaso kusindikiza ndi utoto, koma ntchito m`kati desizing.
Song Hui anati, enzyme kukonzekera ndi mtundu wa dzuwa mkulu, mowa otsika, sanali poizoni kwachilengedwenso chothandizira, kwachilengedwenso mankhwala zochokera enzyme kukonzekera njira ndi kuthetsa kusindikiza ndi utoto makampani njira yabwino kuipitsidwa mkulu ndi mowa kwambiri, koma, pambuyo. mitundu ya kukonzekera kwa michere, mtengo umodzi wokwera wa kukonzekera kwa enzyme pawiri komanso kusowa kogwirizana ndi kafukufuku wothandizira nsalu, utoto wathunthu wa enzymatic pretreatment sunapangidwebe.
Nthawi ino, gulu la song vital ndi makampani angapo agwirizana kwambiri.Pambuyo pa zaka zitatu, apanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nsalu zapamwamba za bioenzyme ndi njira zawo zopangira, kuphatikizapo amylase, alkaline pectinase, xylanase ndi catalase.
"Desizing - kuyenga pawiri enzyme kukonzekera kwathetsa vuto lovuta la desizing poliyesitala thonje ndi koyera polyester imvi nsalu.M'mbuyomu, amylase desizing akanatha kuthetsa imvi nsalu ndi wowuma sizing, ndi imvi nsalu ndi PVA osakaniza ankatha kuwiritsa ndi kuchotsedwa ndi kutentha kwambiri alkali.Masiku kupota gulu mkulu injiniya Ding Xueqin anati, mankhwala munali lawi retardant silika, poliyesitala nsalu mitundu ya kutentha alkali kuphika desizing, apo ayi adzachepa, ndi ntchito kwachilengedwenso pawiri enzyme desizing tingati zabwino kwambiri, kuteteza nsalu shrinkage, chikhululukiro. ndi wowuma, PVA ndi woyera, ndipo pambuyo processing nsalu kumva fluffy ndi zofewa, komanso amathetsa vuto luso kwa fakitale.
Sungani madzi ndi magetsi ndikuchepetsa kutulutsa kwa zimbudzi Malinga ndi nyimbo yofunikira, mukamaliza kupanga enzymatic desizing ndi kuyengedwa, sikuti zimangopulumutsa kutentha kwakukulu kwa njira yachikhalidwe, komanso kumachepetsa kuchuluka kwa nthunzi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonzekera poyambira pamunsi. kutentha, kupulumutsa kwambiri mphamvu ya nthunzi.Poyerekeza ndi zochitika zakale, zimapulumutsa 25 mpaka 50 peresenti ya nthunzi ndi 40 peresenti ya magetsi.
Enzymatic pretreatment ndondomeko m'malo luso chikhalidwe cha caustic koloko desizing ndi caustic koloko kuyenga ndondomeko, njira zina zikutanthauza kuti kwachilengedwenso nayonso mphamvu mankhwala caustic koloko, woyenga wothandizila ndi mankhwala ena, Choncho, akhoza kwambiri kuchepetsa processing madzi oipa pH mtengo ndi COD mtengo, ndi wothandizila mankhwala monga bwino m'malo woyenga wothandizira angapange mu pretreatment madzi oipa COD mtengo adzachepetsedwa ndi oposa 60%.
"Kukonzekera kwa ma enzyme a biocomposite kumakhala ndi mawonekedwe amankhwala ofatsa, kuchita bwino kwambiri komanso kutsimikizika kwabwino.Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a bioenzyme sikuwononga pang'ono ulusi wa thonje, ndipo kumawononga kwambiri wowuma slurry ndi PVA slurry pansalu imvi, zomwe zimatha kukhala ndi zotsatira zabwino. ”Ubwino wa ulusi wa thonje womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ukadaulo uwu ndi wapamwamba kwambiri kuposa njira zachikhalidwe, idatero nyimbo.
Pankhani yamtengo wamakampani osindikiza ndi utoto, nyimbo yofunikira idati biocomposite enzyme ntchito yogwira ntchito ndi yayikulu, mlingo ndi wochepa, mtengo wake ndi wofanana ndi othandizira ambiri a nsalu, sizingawonjeze mtengo wokonza, mabizinesi ambiri a nsalu amatha. landirani izo.Kuphatikiza apo, kugwiritsa ntchito ma enzymes achilengedwe pakupangira mankhwala kungachepetse kwambiri mtengo wamankhwala ndikuwongolera phindu lazachuma pamakampani opanga nsalu pochepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya nthunzi, kuthetsa mtengo wamankhwala amchere amchere, komanso kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mankhwala osiyanasiyana a Edzi. .
"Pogwiritsa ntchito tekinoloje ya enzymatic pretreatment ya tianfang, ukadaulo wa enzymatic wa thonje wa thonje wa mamita 12,000 ndi 11,000 metres aramid hot-wave cabb ungachepetse mtengo ndi 30% ndi 70% motsatana poyerekeza ndi njira yachikhalidwe yamchere.""Anatero Ding.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jul-08-2022