Zovala zopanda madzi zopumira nsalu

Ntchito zazikuluzikulu za nsalu zopumira madzi ndi: zopanda madzi, chinyezi chowotcha, mpweya, insulating, windproof ndi kutentha.Pankhani ya ukadaulo wopanga, zofunikira zaukadaulo za nsalu zopumira madzi ndizokwera kwambiri kuposa nsalu wamba yopanda madzi.Panthawi imodzimodziyo, kuchokera ku khalidwe labwino, nsalu zopanda madzi zopuma mpweya zimakhalanso ndi nsalu zina zopanda madzi zilibe makhalidwe ogwira ntchito.Nsalu zopumira madzi sizimangowonjezera kulimba kwa mpweya komanso kuthina kwamadzi kwa nsaluyo, komanso kumakhala ndi mpweya wake wapadera, womwe ungapangitse kuti nthunzi yamadzi mumpangidwewo ituluke mwachangu, kupewa nkhungu kuchokera pamapangidwewo, ndikusunga thupi la munthu louma. nthawi zonse.Imathetsa mwangwiro mavuto a mpweya permeability, kupewa mphepo, madzi, ndi kuteteza kutentha, etc, ndipo ndi mtundu watsopano wa thanzi ndi chilengedwe chitetezo nsalu.
Mu mkhalidwe wa nthunzi wa madzi, tinthu tamadzi timakhala tating’ono kwambiri.Malinga ndi mfundo ya kayendedwe ka capillary, amatha kulowa mkati mwa capillary kupita mbali inayo bwino, motero amakhala ndi mpweya wokwanira.Pamene nthunzi wamadziwo umakhala madontho amadzi, tinthu tating'onoting'ono timakhala tokulirapo.Chifukwa cha kugwedezeka kwa pamwamba pa madontho a madzi (mamolekyu amadzi "amakoka wina ndi mzake"), mamolekyu amadzi sangathe kuthawa m'madontho a madzi kuti alowetse mbali inayo bwino, zomwe zimalepheretsa madzi kulowa ndikupangitsa kuti filimuyi ikhale yopanda madzi.
Nsalu zenizeni zopanda madzi zimatha kupirira kupanikizika kwa madzi ndipo sizimatuluka m'nyengo yachinyontho kwa nthawi yaitali.Mwachitsanzo, ngati mukuyenda mumvula kwa nthawi yayitali, kugwada kapena kukhala pamtunda wonyowa, sipadzakhala madzi.
Mnzako yemwe amalumikizana panja kwa nthawi ndithu amadziwa, zipangizo zamakono zomwe zovala zakunja zimawoneka bwino, ntchito zapamwamba zimagwirizana kwambiri ndi nsalu zopanda madzi zomwe zimapuma mpweya, kotero kuti nsalu zopanda madzi zimapuma pambuyo pa zonse momwe mfundo, mitundu yonse ya zipangizo pa msika bwanji pambuyo zonse zotsatira?
Kupanda madzi, kupuma, phokoso palokha ndi thupi lotsutsana, popeza madzi, kotero amasindikizidwa, tonse tikudziwa, madzi sangalowe kwa onse, ndiye zingatheke bwanji kupuma?Kwenikweni izi ndi mawonekedwe amadzi, monga aliyense akudziwa, pamwamba pamadzi amakhala ndi zovuta, zimapezeka m'moyo wanu, tikathira madontho amadzi okwera pang'ono kuposa momwe madzi amachitiranso kuti sangayende, izi ndi zotsatira za Kuthamanga kwa madzi pamwamba, chodabwitsa ichi makamaka chifukwa cha molekyulu yamadzi imakhala ndi chokopa chachikulu cha maselo, chimangopangitsa kuti molekyulu iliyonse yamadzi ikhale yotalikirana komanso yosalekanitsa, komanso nthunzi yamadzi ndi mamolekyu amadzi, koma panthawiyi pakati pa molekyulu iliyonse imakhala yodziimira payekha. kotero kuti izo sizingakhoze kulumikizidwa mwatcheru palimodzi.Pogwiritsa ntchito malowa, mayesero a labotale apeza kuti ngati dzenjelo ndi laling'ono mokwanira, limatha kudutsa madzi okha mu nthunzi, osati madzi amadzimadzi.Pogwiritsa ntchito mbali imeneyi, anatulukira zinthu madzi mpweya, ndi ntchito poliyesitala CHIKWANGWANI zinthu zazandibodi mawonekedwe angapo ting'onoting'ono dzenje mu nsalu, ndi wamba madzi breathable zakuthupi GORE - TEX, mwachitsanzo, mfundo za zinthu si lalikulu inchi mmwamba. mpaka mazana mamiliyoni ang'onoang'ono amwazikana, dzenje lililonse m'mimba mwake ndi chimodzi pa makumi awiri zikwi zosachepera madontho amadzimadzi, koma nthawi 700 zazikulu kuposa momwe zimakhalira nthunzi yamadzi, iyi ndiye mfundo yosalowa madzi komanso yopumira.